Has a First-Bhūmi Bodhisattva Left the Desire Realm?

Most bodhisattvas generally propagate the Dharma and benefit sentient beings in the human world; only their meditative concentration (samādhi) differs from one another. Bodhisattvas at the first bhūmi and above must be fully endowed with the form-realm meditative concentration of the first dhyāna or higher, while dwelling in the human world together with sentient beings. A minority of bodhisattvas cultivate, study, and deliver sentient beings in the various heavenly realms. In terms of the realization of meditative concentration and the realization of eradicating afflictions, bodhisattvas at the first bhūmi and above have minds that have departed from the desire realm, without the afflictions and attachments of the desire realm.