Is the affliction of anger (krodha) beginningless ignorance (avidyā) or ignorance with a beginning? If it is beginningless ignorance, then it has existed since beginningless kalpas, stored in the tathāgatagarbha, and belongs to the afflictions of the manas. After the mind consciousness arises, the manas directly influences and supervises the mind consciousness through permeation, causing the mind consciousness also to possess the mental factor of anger. If the affliction of anger belongs to ignorance with a beginning, that would mean the affliction of anger only appears in the middle stage of a life—then from what point in time does the affliction of anger begin to exist? And due to what does the affliction of anger arise—what is its cause? Whether one looks to the Buddhist sūtras or to observation of reality, no evidence can be found proving that the affliction of anger has a point of beginning. Since it has no beginning, it is beginningless; being beginningless, it corresponds to the manas and not to the mind consciousness—the mind consciousness only comes to possess the mental factor of anger later, through the manas's permeation and instigation. Moreover, everyone is born already able to get angry, without needing to be taught or to learn it after birth. Therefore, the manas has possessed the mental factor of anger since beginningless kalpas.
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