In the Śūraṅgama Sūtra, the Buddha said that before the world of the five aggregates (pañca-skandha) appeared for sentient beings, only the manas and the tathāgatagarbha existed in a dim and obscure state, muddled and confused, unaware of the height of the heavens and the depth of the earth. The manas is ignorant and deluded, but because there is no cooperation from the six consciousnesses and the five aggregates, the manas cannot create any karmic actions, and thus there are no wholesome or unwholesome karmas, nor the retribution of wholesome or unwholesome karmas. This is the indeterminate (avyākṛta) nature of the manas.
When the five-aggregate body of sentient beings appears, even if the manas has wholesome or unwholesome mental activities, or mental activities that are neither wholesome nor unwholesome, when the six faculties cannot intercommunicate and function together, He Himself cannot create anything; He can only realize His own intentions and fulfill His own mental activities through the six consciousnesses. Therefore, all mental activities of the manas belong to indeterminate karma (avyākṛta-karma) and have no retribution. The reason sentient beings experience retribution is that the manas, through the bodily, verbal, and mental actions of the six consciousnesses, realizes its own mental activities; there is a record of bodily, verbal, and mental actions, and karmic seeds are stored. Only when the karmic seeds are transmitted forth does retribution arise.
Among the indeterminate karmas (avyākṛta-karma) of the six consciousnesses that are neither wholesome nor unwholesome, if a mind of joy and delight, or a mind of craving and attachment, arises, this becomes the bond of birth-and-death, and one will be bound within birth-and-death — this is retribution. Even if the six consciousnesses have no craving-attachment or resentment, their indeterminate karmas that are neither wholesome nor unwholesome must still be stored as karmic seeds in the tathāgatagarbha; as long as there are karmic seeds, there is retribution. When Buddhas and Bodhisattvas come to this world, in the wholesome karmas and indeterminate karmas they create, there is no craving-attachment and no mind of joy and delight; therefore there is no bond of birth-and-death, and Buddhas and Bodhisattvas will not be bound within the birth-and-death of the six realms. When doing the same deeds, some do so with intent and some without intent, and thus the retribution differs.
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