Selected Lectures on the Saṃyuktāgama

Original text: 如是我聞。一時。佛住舍衛國祇樹給孤獨園。尔時。世尊告諸比丘。若比丘若行。若形若相。離欲惡不善法。有覺有觀。離生喜樂。初禪具足住。彼不憶念如是行。如是形如是相。然於彼色受想行識法。作如病如癰。如刺如殺。無常苦空非我思惟。於彼法生厭。怖畏防護。生厭怖畏防護已。以甘露門而自饒益。如是寂靜。如是勝妙。所謂捨離。餘愛盡無欲。滅盡涅槃。

Explanation: If a bhikṣu, in all his activities of walking, standing, sitting, and lying down, in all mental formations and all forms and marks, has departed from greed, lust, and evil unwholesome states, and within his mind there is both initial application and sustained examination (vitarka-vicāra), with joy and bliss arising from separation from the desire-realm dharmas, dwelling fully in the complete attainment of the first dhyāna—he no longer recollects such activities, such forms, such marks of his own. Instead, he contemplates the dharmas of his form, feeling, perception, formations, and consciousness—the five aggregates—as if they were a sickness, an abscess, a thorn, a killer, contemplating them as impermanent, suffering, empty, and not-self. Toward these dharmas he gives rise to a mind of disenchantment, a mind of fear and dread, and a mind of protective vigilance.

After disenchantment, fear and dread, and protective vigilance have arisen, he uses the tranquil and supremely wondrous nectar of the Buddha's Dharma to benefit himself, casting off greed and lust, cutting off the final craving for the dharmas of the three realms, having no desires whatsoever, extinguishing all mental formations, and attaining nirvāṇa.